Tham khảo Nửa vành

↑ Speyer, David; Sturmfels, Bernd (2009). “Tropical Mathematics”. Mathematics Magazine (bằng tiếng Anh). 82 (3): 163–173. doi:10.1080/0025570X.2009.11953615. ISSN 0025-570X. S2CID 15278805.
↑ Berstel & Perrin (1985), p. 26
1 2 Lothaire (2005) p.211
↑ Sakarovitch (2009) pp.27–28
↑ Lothaire (2005) p.212
1 2 Ésik, Zoltán (2008). “Iteration semirings”. Trong Ito, Masami (biên tập). Developments in language theory. 12th international conference, DLT 2008, Kyoto, Japan, September 16–19, 2008. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 5257. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. tr. 1–20. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-85780-8_1. ISBN 978-3-540-85779-2. Zbl 1161.68598.
↑ Pair, Claude (1967), “Sur des algorithmes pour des problèmes de cheminement dans les graphes finis (On algorithms for path problems in finite graphs)”, trong Rosentiehl (biên tập), Théorie des graphes (journées internationales d'études) -- Theory of Graphs (international symposium), Rome (Italy), July 1966: Dunod (Paris) et Gordon and Breach (New York), tr. 271Quản lý CS1: địa điểm (liên kết)
↑ Derniame, Jean Claude; Pair, Claude (1971), Problèmes de cheminement dans les graphes (Path Problems in Graphs), Dunod (Paris)
1 2 3 Guterman, Alexander E. (2008). “Rank and determinant functions for matrices over semirings”. Trong Young, Nicholas; Choi, Yemon (biên tập). Surveys in Contemporary Mathematics. London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series. 347. Cambridge University Press. tr. 1–33. ISBN 978-0-521-70564-6. ISSN 0076-0552. Zbl 1181.16042.
1 2 3 Sakarovitch (2009) p.28
↑ Noel Vaillant, Caratheodory's Extension, on probability.net.
↑ Durrett 2019, tr. 3-4.Lỗi sfn: không có mục tiêu: CITEREFDurrett2019 (trợ giúp)
↑ Berstel & Reutenauer (2011) p. 4
↑ John C. Baez (6 Nov 2001). "quantum mechanics over a commutative rig". sci.physics.research. (Google Groups).

Derniame, Jean Claude; Pair, Claude (1971), Problèmes de cheminement dans les graphes (Path Problems in Graphs), Dunod (Paris)
François Baccelli, Guy Cohen, Geert Jan Olsder, Jean-Pierre Quadrat, Synchronization and Linearity (online version), Wiley, 1992, ISBN 0-471-93609-X
Golan, Jonathan S., Semirings and their applications. Updated and expanded version of The theory of semirings, with applications to mathematics and theoretical computer science (Longman Sci. Tech., Harlow, 1992, MR 1163371. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1999. xii+381 pp. ISBN 0-7923-5786-8 MR 1746739
Berstel, Jean; Perrin, Dominique (1985). Theory of codes. Pure and applied mathematics. 117. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-093420-1. Zbl 0587.68066.
Bản mẫu:Durrett Probability Theory and Examples 5th Edition
Lothaire, M. (2005). Applied combinatorics on words. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications. 105. A collective work by Jean Berstel, Dominique Perrin, Maxime Crochemore, Eric Laporte, Mehryar Mohri, Nadia Pisanti, Marie-France Sagot, Gesine Reinert, Sophie Schbath, Michael Waterman, Philippe Jacquet, Wojciech Szpankowski, Dominique Poulalhon, Gilles Schaeffer, Roman Kolpakov, Gregory Koucherov, Jean-Paul Allouche and Valérie Berthé. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-84802-4. Zbl 1133.68067.
Głazek, Kazimierz (2002). A guide to the literature on semirings and their applications in mathematics and information sciences. With complete bibliography. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. ISBN 1-4020-0717-5. Zbl 1072.16040.
Sakarovitch, Jacques (2009). Elements of automata theory. Translated from the French by Reuben Thomas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-84425-3. Zbl 1188.68177.
Berstel, Jean; Reutenauer, Christophe (2011). Noncommutative rational series with applications. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications. 137. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-19022-0. Zbl 1250.68007.

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